之前在Linked in 看到一位中外混血的朋友拿到了国内的permanent resident ID，开心地说”我是中国人“。

我们就不讨论PR在现行的法律定义下是不是中国人，先单纯看一下他那份心意吧：他好像是一个包括中国在内的三国混血儿，事业有成，申请了好久的PR。于是在拿到绿卡的那天他忍不住兴奋地发了这样的内容：

“Honored to have been granted with the permanent residence card in China. 我是中国人！”

挺多朋友都觉得他可爱。我也受到他的热情感染，所以就去他的状态下面留言道：

”Congrats! Your post reminds me of an old article I read before.   It is about a nationwide discussion in Tang dynasty:  A talented man from the Arab Empire won the first place of the Chinese imperial examinations.  All over the country were discussing him: whether a foreigner can be the top scholar of the year in China.  One official threw a popular opinion: If you only concern the root, then yes, there is a difference between native and foreign. However, the real standard to distinguish if you are Chinese or not is your heart.  A man with a Chinese appearance doesn't necessarily to be Chinese. Similarly, a man doesn't look like the majority (which was ethnic Han) can still be recognised as a Chinese as long as his/her heart is Chinese. Finally, the talented young man became the first recorded foreign 'Jinshi' in Chinese history. ”

凭着记忆，给他发了这段故事。这里也就照搬回来了。翻译回来，说的就是在唐朝有一位有天赋的阿拉伯年轻人，赢得了全国的科举考试榜首。当时全国都在讨论这位年轻人：一个外国人是不是能够成为这届考试里的最高学者？一位官员提出了一个流行的观点：如果你关心地域，那确实有中外之分。而真正区分中外的标准却当是“心”。一个人有华人的外表未必是华人，而一个人即便与大多数华人看起来并不相同，只要他有一颗中华的心那他就可以是华人。而最后这个有才华的年轻人也就成为了当年的进士。

这就是《华心》的大至内容。如果要跟外国朋友讲这个故事，其实上面那段不甚准确的描述就差不多了。不过今天找了一下，全网好像没有这篇《华心》的英文翻译。我就想反正是隔离期间，而且等老板回复下一阶段的指示，要不然我就简单直译一下现代文，然后再尽量直译成英文。如果有时间，后续再练习一下翻译成法语。

在《全唐文》 第08部 七百六十七卷 里，有一篇名为《华心》 的文章，讲的就是前面我跟那个外国朋友转述的具体故事。

大中初年，大梁连帅范阳公得大食国人李彦升，荐于阙下。天子诏春司考其才。二年以进士第，名显然，常所宾贡者不得拟。或曰：“梁大都也，帅硕贤也。受命于华君，仰禄于华民。其荐人也，则求于夷。岂华不足称也耶？夷人独可用也耶？吾终有惑于帅也。”曰：帅真荐才而不私其人也。苟以地言之，则有华夷也。以教言，亦有华夷乎？夫华夷者，辨在乎心，辨心在察其趣向。有生于中州而行戾乎礼义，是形华而心夷也；生于夷域而行合乎礼义，是形夷而心华也。若卢绾少卿之叛亡，其夷人乎？金日䃅之忠赤，其华人乎？繇是观之，皆任其趣向。今彦升也，来从海外，能以道祈知于帅。帅故异而荐之，以激夫戎狄，俾日月所烛，皆归于文明之化。盖华其心而不以其地也。而又夷焉？作《华心》。

首先作一下中文翻译。

在唐朝大中初年（847年）大梁的连帅（十方诸侯之主）范阳公卢钧得到一位阿拉伯帝国黑衣大食国人李彦升，并且向朝廷推荐他。皇上叫礼部主试官考察他的才华。大中二年（848年）的时候他科举考上了进士这个等级而闻名于天下，然而宾贡却无法按常规去拟定。有人说：“梁是很大的都市，梁的连帅可是很大贤人。连帅受命于中华的君主，而从中华的人民那里得到俸禄。他却从蛮夷的国家举荐人员。中华不值得被称道吗？蛮夷来的人是唯一可以用的人吗？我在这点上对连帅的决定有所不解”。我说：“连帅是真心举荐那个人的才华而不是徇私于他个人。如果从地域上说，那就确实有中华与蛮夷之分。可如果从’教‘这点出发也还有中华与蛮夷之分吗？中华与蛮夷的区别在于心，而辨别一个人的心在乎于观察他的志趣与志向。有的人生长于中原地区而行为举止却与礼义相悖，那么他就是有徒有华人的外表而心却是蛮夷的；而生于蛮夷之地而行为举止合乎礼义，这就是有夷族的外表的人有一颗中华的心。像卢绾背叛大汉而在匈奴逝世，他是夷族的人吗？金日䃅对汉朝是那么忠心赤胆，那他是中华的人吗？由此看来，这件事都凭他们的志趣与志向。现在彦升，从四海之外而来，希望能够以学识被连帅所识。连帅因此明知他的不同而仍然举荐他，以激励北狄和西戎，使得日月光辉照耀下的一切都归化于文化开明。所以这中华啊，是来源于他的心而不以地域为划分的。如此这般又怎么会有夷族呢？所以我写了《华心》这篇文章”

根据这个粗略的中文翻译我们就可以做英文翻译了：

In the first year of DAZHONG period(847 A.D.)of Tang Dynasty, the Duke FANGYANG of the LIANG state met a talented man, named LI Yansheng who came from Abbasid Caliphate(the Second Caliphate of Arabic Empire ). The Duke recommended Yansheng to the central authority. The Emperor told the Ministry of Rites to appraise his quality. One year later(848 A.D.), LI participated in the Imperial Examinations of Tang dynasty and got the first rank qualification as top scholars. He became famous in Tang Dynasty for this. However, the conventional rules of rites were not designed for a foreigner like him. Some commentators spoke sarcastically: LIANG is a huge state, and the Duke is a sage and a wise man. You take the order from the Chinese Emperor, and you got paid from the Chinese people. However, you elect the top scholar candidates from a foreign nation. Isn't the Chinese qualified？Or is the foreigner the only available option? Duke's decision perturbs us. I (the author)said: Duke, sincerely, endorses the talent and quality of a man, instead of the connection in private. If the root is your only concern, then there is, indeed, a difference between native and foreign. However, is such difference still valid from the 'Education and Bildung' perspective of view? The standard is on one's heart, and the fundamental is to inspect one's inclination and ambition. A man born Chinese but act with no Principle, then such man with a Chinese appearance doesn't necessarily to be Chinese. Similarly, a man born foreign but discipline oneself with the Principle, then he has a Chinese heart even if he doesn't look like the Chinese majority. For example, the traitor, LU Wan, of the Han Dynasty who died in the Xiongnu Tribe (main adversary of HAN), is he a Foreigner? Jin Midi, from Xiongnu ethnicity, is so loyal to the HAN dynasty, is he a Chinese? From this point of view, the judgement really depends on their own choice, inclination and ambition. Now LI Yansheng came all the way from overseas, and wish to be seen by the Duke and further, make a contribution as a scholar officer. The Duke has known that he was different and still gave him credit for his capability. This can encourage the talents of northern( Beidi , about Mongolia back to that age) and western(Xirong now near Xinjiang Province, China) foreigner to join us. Our culture and civilisation can then accomplish solidarity for everyone under the sunshine and moonlight. Hence one's heart and its attributes, instead of geography-related factors, are essential to differentiate the Chinese and the foreigner. Is this so that there are no foreigners in the world in the end? And this is why I write this article for your information.

翻译的原则基本上是直译，用词肯定没有真正外语专业的毕业生准确，而且也没注意时态。但是也可以作为之后的人翻译的一个参考，可以在这个基础上斟酌用词和我所没有的信雅达之类的。

以上。

参考

1. ^https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E6%96%87

2. ^https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E6%96%87/%E5%8D%B70767

3. ^https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%BF%83

4. ^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate

5. ^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidi

6. ^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xirong

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